WEEK 1 - 5 QUIZZES - 884 Words

Week 5 quiz 1. In the U.S. current account, most of the trade deficit results from an excess of imported B. merchandise 2. What is the difference between the balance of trade and the balance of payments? A. The balance of trade is only part of the balance of trade. 3. If a government has implemented significantly higher trade tariffs, but does not want this action to affect the value of its currency, it will B. buy foreign currency because the tariffs will tend to make the domestic currency appreciate 4. During 2007, the United States and Japan announced possible limits on Chinese imports through higher tariff rates on Chinese products. To avoid these limits, China would have to D. increase the value of the yuan and†¦show more content†¦more money because prices will likely fall 2. The interest rate is the price paid for the use of a D. financial asset 3. Which of the following do policy makers tend to target when setting monetary policy? B. Interest rates 4. If the Federal Reserve reduced its reserve requirement from 6.5 percent to 5 percent, this policy would most likely A. Increase both the money multiplier and the money supply 5. If banks hold excess reserves whereas before they did not, the money multiplier B. will become smaller 6. The process of money multiplier depends on B. the banks holding all the currency 7. Quantitative easing refers to D. non-standard monetary policy design to extend credit in the economy 8. If the Fed wants an easier monetary policy, it might D. buy government securities to reduce the federal funds rate 9. When the Fed raised the interest rates between 2004 and 2007, the Federal Reserve B. sold U.S. government securities, thereby contracting funds to the federal funds market WEEK 2 QUIZ 1. The globalized AS/AD curve is the standard AS/AD model with an added C. world supply curve 2. According to Say s Law, people A. supply goods in order to obtain other good 3. A shift in the long-run aggregate supply curve will change C. both output and the price level 4. The hypothesis about the macroeconomy that sees the recent problems with the U.S. economy directlyShow MoreRelatedPersonal Financial Planning1579 Words   |  7 Pages7:00-9:50pm Email: otuteye@unb.ca Classroom: SH 161 Office hours: Th, F 2:00 – 3:00; by appointment; also, usually available immediately after class. COURSE OBJECTIVE AND DESCRIPTION: The objective of this course is to introduce students to 1. the fundamental principles of financial decision-making; and 2. how these principles are applied to personal financial planning. Students will learn the concepts and methods necessary in developing personal financial plans as well as the financialRead More2121 unit information1576 Words   |  7 PagesETF2121/ETF5912 Data Analysis in Business Unit Information – Semester 1 2014 Coordinator and Lecturer - Weeks 7-12: Associate Professor Ann Maharaj Office: H5.86 Phone: (990)32236 Email: ann.maharaj@monash.edu Lecturer - Weeks 1-6: Mr Bruce Stephens Office: H5.64 Phone: (990)32062 Email: bruce.stephens@monash.edu Unit material: No prescribed textbook Unit Book: available on the Moodle site. Exercises: available on the Moodle site. Software: EXCEL. Recommended Reference Books BerensonRead MoreSP15 SCM 305 Syllabus1256 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿The University of Kansas - School of Business Course Syllabus – SCM 305 Business Decision Making Spring 2015, Wescoe 3140 1:00-2:15, Tuesday/Thursday Instructor: Joe Walden E-mail: joewalden@ku.edu Office: 118i Summerfield Office hours: Tuesday/Thursday: 9:00-11:30 PM; Monday/Wednesday 8:00-10:30; Or by appointment TAs: Jamie Mack Pamela Carper Deepa Anant Jill Carroll Angie Kim Course Description: This course is an introduction to decision making encounteredRead MoreBis 155 Entire Course All Labs-Quizzes and Final Exam1024 Words   |  5 PagesBIS 155 Entire Course All Labs-Quizzes And Final Exam Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/bis-155-entire-course-labs-quizzes-final-exam/ Description: BIS 155 ( All Quizzes Included in File ) BIS 155 Lab 1 BIS 155 Lab 2 BIS 155 Lab 3 BIS 155 Lab 4 ( Word ) BIS 155 Lab 4 (Excel ) BIS 155 Lab 4 Clary labels BIS 155 Lab 5 BIS 155 Lab 6 BIS 155 Lab 6 Clary Course Project BIS 155 Lab 6 Clary Project Memo Template BIS 155 Lab 7 Clary ( BIS 155 FinalRead MoreMeasuring Personal Happiness : A Small But, A Comprehensive Guide925 Words   |  4 Pagestests and quizzes that measure happiness. But, most of them stop with the point of measuring. They neither help nor provide feedbacks to improve your state of mind. Lots of tests and quizzes are general and evaluate your choices based on multiple choice questions which range from mundane activities to question on your future plans like 25 years from now . But, these quizzes don t help much as the result you get most of the time will be moderately happy . Do you think spending 5-10 minutesRead Moresyllabus fin6306 Quantitative methods in finance UT Dallas1311 Words   |  6 Pagescorporate finance and investments. 1. Students will apply statistical methods to summarize and to make inferences from financial data. 2. Students will develop quantitative models to assist financial decision making. 3. Students will develop a set of tools based on spreadsheet technology to effectively organize, present and analyze financial data. 4. Students will construct spreadsheet representations of financial models to obtain quantitative solutions to financial problems. (1) Quantitative Methods in FinanceRead MoreEcon 2301 Study Guide1079 Words   |  5 Pagesthe textbook, divided into 3 â€Å"Parts† as indicated by the course calendar and summarized here: - Part 1: Chapters 1-4 - Part 2: Chapters 5-9 - Part 3: Chapters 10-14 Course Evaluation / Grading System There will be a quiz at the start of each chapter and an exam at the end of each Part. You will earn four (4) scores: three exam scores and one quiz score (based upon the sum of points earned on quizzes throughout the semester). Each student’s lowest score will be automatically dropped, and the remainingRead MoreEuthanasia765 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿WILLIAM PATERSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SCIENCE HEALTH DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY 1. TITLE OF COURSE AND COURSE NUMBER: BIO 1630; General Biology; Number of Credits: 4 2. DEPARTMENT AND SECRETARYS TELEPHONE NUMBER AND E-MAIL ADDRESS: Biology Department Secretaries: Georgeann Russo, russog@wpunj.edu, 720-2265 Nancy Malba, malban@wpunj.edu, 720-2245 3. SEMESTER OFFERED: Spring 2014 4. PROFESSORS CONTACT INFORMATION Dr. Carey Waldburger Science Hall East Rm 4052, Telephone:Read MoreMis Quiz1186 Words   |  5 PagesE-mail: mehmood.khan@adu.ac.ae Class Time: 12:00 – 14:10 (Sun through Thu) ------------------------------------------------- Office Location: D2F-64 Office Hours: 17:10 – 18:10 (Sun through Wed) 1. Course Description This course focuses on the fundamental issues in using information technologies to manage and organize business processes. The premise of the course is that compared to traditional firms, digital firms heavily rely on a set ofRead Moreapollo 500851 Words   |  4 Pageshope that is in you, with meekness and fear† 1 Peter 3:15 (NKJV). 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William Blakes London Essay example - 995 Words

William Blakes London Works Cited Not Included William Blakes London is a representative of English society as a whole, and the human condition in general that outlines the socio-economic problems of the time and the major communal evils. It condemns authoritative institutions including the military, royalty, new industries, and the Church. Blakes tone creates a feeling of informative bitterness, and is both angry and despondent at the suffering and increasing corruption of Londons society. Blakes sophisticated use of notation like capitalization, his specific change in meter, and the point of view all clearly develop London. The point of view in which Blake employs to London is significant to the understanding†¦show more content†¦Here Blake is exposing the innocence that has been corrupted due to the present evil. This line fills the readers mind with a dreadful image of children being stripped away of their innocence. Here Blake specifically targets children, which are looked upon as pure and guiltless to help get his point across to the reader. Blakes genius is evident throughout the poem where his changing meter directly correlates to the point he is making at the moment. The meter is changed in the last line of the first stanza from iambic tetrameter to anapestic dimeter possibly to stress the section (Damon, 1965) The third stanza is anaspectic for the first foot but then reverts to iambic for the last two feet of the line. The speaker begins here by condemning main foundations like the Church and the military capitalizing both words. ?The Chimney - sweepers cry? is basically an exposure to the child labor prevalent during this era. Once again he uses a child to symbolize an innocent victim terrorized by higher authority. Also, these cries are accusations against the Church. Blake uses the phrase ?blackening Church? to expose the Church?s function as a tyrant rather than a source of enlightenment (Lambert Jr., 1995) This line illustrates the Church both blackened by soot and the exploited people who are forced to c lean it. At this point it is clear to the reader that Blake?s representation of the church is ironically evil. It forces oppression on the people of the society. HeShow MoreRelatedWilliam Blakes London1458 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Blake and London Victorian London was a far from happy place. It was full of crime, the air full of filth, and the people rancorous. One of the premier poets of the period was one William Blake who advocated the beauties of life and railed against the distaste he felt for Victorian London and some of the more rigid ideologies of the time, specifically the strict morality and religious views of the English. In the poem London, Blake makes clear his position on the city and the morals of thatRead MoreRomanticism In William Blakes London722 Words   |  3 Pagesof life utilizing subjective comparison between opposites, religious nature, and idealism. Although William Blake is considered to be one of the founders of Romantic poetry, pieces such as â€Å"London† deviate from the conventional characteristics associated with this genre. Ironic to generic Romanticism, London hardly idealizes the horrific truth of society in industrialized urban life. However, Blake’s lack of rhapsody does man ifest the social and political climate occurring at the time when RomanticismRead More William Blakes London and William Wordsworths London, 18022496 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Blakes London and William Wordsworths London, 1802 The figure of the poet as it pertains to William Blake and William Wordsworth is different according to the perception of most analysts. Blake addresses a universal audience in a prophetic voice, taking the role of the poet upon himself often using a mystical tone. In contrast Wordsworth uses language specific to all and directs his writing to ordinary people writing as an ordinary person reacting to his own Read MoreEssay on A Reading of William Blake’s London1688 Words   |  7 PagesA Reading of William Blake’s London William Blake channels his general dissatisfaction of the organization of society during the late eighteenth century in his lyrical poem entitled â€Å"London† (1794). Blake uses vividly expressive language through the spoken observations of a symbolic character he created to narrate and recite social and political problems afflicting this metropolis in the late 1700’s and early 1800’s. The poem’s rhythmically patterned linear style, which is very strictly structuredRead MoreAn Analysis of William Blakes Poem London Essay1852 Words   |  8 Pages In London, William Blake brings to light a city overrun by poverty and hardship. Blake discards the common, glorifying view of London and replaces it with his idea of truth. London is nothing more but a city strapped by harsh economic times where Royalty and other venues of power have allowed morality and goodness to deteriorate so that suffering and poverty are all that exist. It is with the use of three dis tinct metaphors; mind-forgd manacles, blackning Church, and Marriage hearse,Read MoreEssay on Analysis of William Blakes Poem London521 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of William Blakes Poem London London by William Blake is a poem characterised by its dark and overbearing tone. It is a glimpse at a period of Englands history (particularly London) during war and poverty, experienced by the narrator as he walks through the streets. Using personification it draws a great human aspect to its representation of thoughts and beliefs of the narrator. The author uses a rhyme scheme that mirrors the pace of walking. The pace is moderate using an octameterRead More William Wordworths London and William Blakes Upon Westminster Bridge1041 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and contrast London and Upon Westminster Bridge. Show how the two poets express differing views of London with detailed analysis of the texts and using background research. Refer to styles, techniques and effects of the poetry. Give your own responses. Both William Wordworths London and William Blakes Upon Westminster Bridge were written at the turn of the 19th century in Georgian times to illustrate the authors views of London. During this period the industrial revolutionRead More The Effects of Industrialization in William Blakes London Essay example1023 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Industrialization in William Blakes London London by William Blake is one example of Blakes disapproval of changes that occurred in his lifetime. In his poem London, from his work Songs of Experience, Blake describes the woes of the Industrial Revolution and the breaking of the common mans ties to the land, which he has brought upon himself. He describes the Thames River and the city streets as chartered, or controlled by commercial interests; he refers to mind-forgedRead More Oppression and Spiritual Deterioration in William Blakes Poem London1154 Words   |  5 PagesOppression and Spiritual Deterioration in William Blakes Poem London London I wander thro each charterd street, 1 Near where the charterd Thames does flow, 2 And mark in every face I meet, 3 Marks of weakness, marks of woe. 4 In every cry of every Man, 5 In every Infants cry of fear, 6 In every voice, in every ban, 7 The mind-forgd manacles I hear: 8 How the Chimney-sweepers cry 9 Every blackning Church appalls, 10 And the hapless SoldiersRead More William Blakes The Chimney-Sweeper, Holy Thursday (Innocence) and London1520 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and Contrast William Blakes The Chimney-Sweeper, Holy Thursday (Innocence) and London I am going to compare and contrast three of William Blake poems, where he shows his feelings about the way people treat children: The Chimney-Sweeper, Holy Thursday (Innocence) and London. The Chimney-Sweeper is about a child who sweeps chimneys. William Blake sets this poem in the winter. The children worked in the cold. Blake says, â€Å"A little black thing among the snow,† â€Å"The little black thing

Anderson and Hemingways use of the First Person Essay Example For Students

Anderson and Hemingways use of the First Person Essay At one point in his short story, Big Two-Hearted River: Part II, Hemingways character Nick speaks in the first person. Why he adopts, for one line only, the first person voice is an interesting question, without an easy answer. Sherwood Anderson does the same thing in the introduction to his work, Winesburg, Ohio. The first piece, called The Book of the Grotesque, is told from the first person point of view. But after this introduction, Anderson chooses not to allow the first person to narrate the work. Anderson and Hemingway both wrote collections of short stories told in the third person, and the intrusion of the first person narrator in these two pieces is unsettling. In both instances, though, the reader is left with a much more absorbing story; one in which the reader is, in fact, a main character. With the exception of My Old Man, which is entirely in the first person , and On the Quai at Smyrna, which is only possibly in the first person, there is just one instance in In Our Time in which a character speaks in the first person. It occurs in Big Two-Hearted River: Part II, an intensely personal story which completely immerses the reader in the actions and thoughts of Nick Adams. Hemingways utilization of the omniscient third person narrator allows the reader to visualize all of Nicks actions and surroundings, which would have been much more difficult to accomplish using first person narration. Nick is seen setting up his camp in Big Two-Hearted River: Part I in intimate detail, from choosing the perfect place to set his tent to boiling a pot of coffee before going to sleep. The story is completely written the in third person and is full of images, sounds, and smells. In Big Two-Hearted River: Part II Hemingway exactly describes Nicks actions as he fishes for trout. Details of his fishing trip are told so clearly that the reader is almost an active participant in the expedition instead of someone reading a story. He carefully and expertly finds grasshoppers for bait, goes about breakfast and lunch-making, and sets off into the cold river. By being both inside and outside Nicks thoughts, the reader can sense precisely the drama that Hemingway wishes to bring to trout fishing. Nick catches one trout and throws it back to the river because it is too small. When he hooks a second one, it is an emotional battle between man and fish. Nick tries as hard as he can, but the fish snaps the line and escapes. Then, as Nick thinks about the fate of the trout which got away, Hemingway writes, He felt like a rock, too, before he started off. By God, he was a big one. By God, he was the biggest one I ever heard of. This sudden switch to first-person narration is startling to the reader. Until this point Hemingway had solely used third person narration, but he did it so well that the reader feels as one with Nick. It is not definite whether this is Nick or Hemingway speaking. It could easily be either of the two. Hemingway doesnt include, he thought, or, he said to himself, and so it is unclear. The result is the same regardless. Using first person narration at this point serves to make the story more alive, more personal. It jolts the reader into realizing the humanity of Nick; he is no longer the object of a story but a real person. If Nick is making so much stir over it that he speaks directly to the reader, he must feel passionately about it. Or if Hemingway is so moved by the size of the trout that he exclaims at its size, I can only accept that Nick also feels this excitement. The sudden intrusion of the first person narrator makes the story more complete and its only character more life-like. It also brings the reader into the story as a listener. .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b , .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .postImageUrl , .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b , .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:hover , .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:visited , .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:active { border:0!important; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:active , .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u19d8c41effffa319acbe9123b38f643b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Examination of Southern Dialect EssaySherwood Andersons collection of short stories, Winesburg, Ohio, also has a moment of first person narration. The introductory story, The Book of the Grotesque, is written in first person. The story begins as a third person narration, a tale about an old writer. Using a third person narration, Anderson writes about an old man and his episode with a carpenter. Then the old man goes to bed and the reader learns his thoughts. In the middle of describing what he is thinking, Anderson switches to first person narration. Suddenly there is a narrator speaking directly to the reader. The narrator says, And then, of course, he had known people, many people, known them in a peculiarly intimate way that was different from the way in which you and I know people. At this point the story becomes more than just a static piece, for the reader is somehow now in it. There is an ambiguity, however, because the reader does not know if the narrator is Anderson himself or another completely distinct character. As when Hemingway used this ploy, the result is the same regardless. The reader is no longer merely a reader, but has unexpectedly been transformed into an active participant in the book. Throughout the rest of The Book of the Grotesque, the narrator is speaking to the reader. Not only that, but the narrator is telling the reader about a book which was never published, but is almost surely the one the reader is in fact reading. In case the reader should forget, there is one other instance, several stories later, in which Anderson adopts first person narration. In Respectability he writes, I go to fast. Like Hemingway would do years later, Anderson was forcing the reader to become a part of the story. The entire book is a dialogue between narrator and reader. The effect is that the reader becomes even more involved in the stories. Bothof these works are unlike others from the same time period which are told completely using first person narration. Gertrude Steins The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas and Anita Loos Gentlemen Prefer Blondes are both written wholly in the first person. But both of these read like diaries, of which the reader is just that a reader. Neither one has a point at which the reader is so definitely brought into the story consciously by the author. By jumping abruptly into first person instead of using it all along, Hemingway and Anderson more effectively do this. Andersons and Hemingways sudden switches to first person narration of course could not have been mere mistakes, and their reasons may have been even more convoluted than imaginable to late twentieth century readers. What is left are two collections of short stories in which the reader plays an actual role. The intrusion of first person narration makes these stories come alive in a way that a third person narration cannot, a tribute to the skill of both of these authors.

John Milton`s Paradise Lost Essays - Abrahamic Mythology, Heaven

John Milton`s Paradise Lost Paradise Lost is an epic - poem based on the Biblical story of Adam end Eve. It attempts to justify and explain how we came to be what we are today. The central question to Paradise Lost is " where does evil comes from?" Throughout the poem we receive information about the origin of evil. At the beginning of John Milton's work we are given the Biblical explanation, of Adam and Eve eating from the tree of knowledge and being expelled from the Garden of Eden. This was man's first disobedience, which brought him mortality, and at the same time this first act gave source to all evil. This was the effect of ambition. Adam end Eve both ate the apple from the tree in order to achieve a level of knowledge compatible to God's. The same way according to Paradise Lost, Satan is also known to be the source of evil. Satan was sent to Hell as cause of ambition. For the second time ambition and the desire to become more powerful or knowledgeable, was the basis of evil. Satan challenged God, and was condemned to evil. "The mind is its own place, and in itself can make a Heaven of Hell, a Hell of Heaven". Hell is clearly a state of mind. According to the non-physical aspects of Hell described at the end of the poem, one can conclude even from the quote mentioned above, that Hell is what we think of it to be. Can the human exploration for answers, ambition for knowledge, and curiosity reach a level that then threatens humans themselves? The answer to this question is YES! If we examine subjects such as human cloning, nuclear weapons and medicine there may be different responses. My personal feeling is that anything that alters, or changes life itself, in exception to medicine, is not to be studied nor developed. We humans are curious, and this is simply innate. We will continue to ask questions and explore even outside of our world. I believe we humans, do not have the power to create nor destroy life, by any other means than normal sexual creation and accidental death. I feel medicines are a positive element and part of our lives because medicine does not threaten the lives of others, unlike nuclear weapons and cloning. Furthermore medicines ameliorate our lifestyles. Does nuclear destruction and radiation do the same? aradise Lost is one of the finest examples of the epic tradition in all of literature. In composing this extraordinary work, John Milton was, for the most part, following in the manner of epic poets of past centuries: Barbara Lewalski notes that Paradise Lost is an "epic whose closest structural affinities are to Virgil's Aeneid . .. "; she continues, however, to state that we now recognize as well the influence of epic traditions and the presence of epic features other than Virgilian. Among the poem's Homeric elements are its Iliadic subject, the death and woe resulting from an act of disobedience; the portrayal of Satan as an Archillean hero motivated by a sense of injured merit and also as an Odyssean hero of wiles and craft; the description of Satan's perilous Odyssey to find a new homeland; and the battle scenes in heaven. . . . The poem also incorporates a Hesiodic gigantomachy; numerous Ovidian metamorphoses; an Ariostan Paradise of Fools; [and] Spenserian allegorical figures (Sin and Death) . . . . (3) There were changes, however, as John M. Steadman makes clear: The regularity with which Milton frequently conforms to principles of epic structure make his occasional (but nevertheless fundamental) variations on the epic tradition all the more striking by contrast. The most important departures from epic decorum--the rejection of a martial theme, and the choice of an argument that emphasizes the hero's transgression and defeat instead of celebrating his virtues and triumphs--are paradoxically conditioned by concern for the ethical and religious decorum of the epic genre. On the whole, Milton has retained the formal motifs and devices of the heroic poem but has invested them with Christian matter and meaning. In this sense his epic is . . . something of a "pseudomorph"--retaining the form of classical epic but replacing its values and contents with Judeo-Christian correlatives. (Epic and Tragic Structure . . . 20) Steadman goes on to defend Milton's changes in the form of the epic, saying that "such revaluations are not unusual in the epic tradition; they were in fact inevitable" (20). It is important, before continuing with an examination

Antitrust practices Essay Example

Antitrust practices Essay Example Antitrust practices Essay Antitrust practices Essay Antimonopoly patterns are patterns carried on by concerns that end up destructing perfect competition in the market. Antitrust Torahs are Torahs prepared to seek and advance healthy market competition by forestalling anti-competitive patterns by companies. Some of the illegal patterns that constitute to antimonopoly behaviour include corporate amalgamations. monopolies and monetary value repair confederacies ( Bailey. 2010 ) . The Clayton Act of 1914 was passed by the U. S Congress. It was an antimonopoly jurisprudence that was amended to halt and forestall patterns that led to unhealthy competition in the market. The Clayton Act was amended in order to complement an earlier version of the antimonopoly jurisprudence referred to as the Sherman antimonopoly Act of 1980. This was a federal jurisprudence that sought to forestall patterns that were harmful to consumers such as trusts. monopolies and other unjust concern patterns ( California Association of REALTORS. 2005 ) . Google Company One of the recent houses to be investigated for antimonopoly behaviour is Google Company that leads the online seeking industry. Harmonizing to Weiss ( 2014 ) . the house late was being investigated by Competition Commission of India ( CCI ) for claims that it abused its laterality in the on-line hunt engine industry by chiefly advancing its ain services over those of its challengers. This ground is considered to make unhealthy competition in the concern as the hunt engine company dominates its challengers in what is considered about a monopolistic market. Antimonopoly behaviour brings about both monetary and non-pecuniary costs. Since it amendss healthy competition in the market. monopolies can ensue and this has inauspicious effects to the monetary values of trade goods. The merchandises end up going dearly-won and expensive for the clients and. hence. impacting the society negatively ( Bailey. 2010 ) . On the other manus. antimonopoly behaviour leads to the end product of merchand ises falling below the market competitory degree and this is chiefly witnessed in monopolistic markets. Then once more. the antimonopoly patterns can be dearly-won for any company that has engaged in them since if probes prove that the company is guilty of the said Acts of the Apostless so heavy punishments can be imposed on them. Furthermore. this can destroy the repute of any company and. hence. stoping up losing its clients ( Bailey. 2010 ) . Monopolies and Oligopolies Monopolies and oligopolies are non ever good for the society. Their presence in any market merely means they have all the power to command the monetary values of their merchandises and services. This is non favourable to the clients since monetary values can ever travel up any clip particularly when the demand for certain trade goods is high. One good illustration of an oligopoly is the Coca Cola and Pepsi Companies. These are the world’s largest drink companies and demand for their merchandises is neer diminishing. However. these two companies represent a market with few providers while the consumers are many. They have all the power to order their products’ monetary values and the consumers have no power whatsoever ( Hovenkamp. 2011 ) . On the other manus. some authorities monopolies can be considered good to the members of the society. Many authoritiess in the current universe control the production and supply of electricity and other signifiers of energy. This is ut ile because the authoritiess aim at supplying such services to the citizens at low-cost monetary values and across the states. It is the duty of the authorities to heighten substructure development in the state and. hence. running such sectors of the economic system can be good to consumers. Decision In decision. it is of import to indicate out that antimonopoly patterns are unwanted behaviours since they destroy healthy competition among concerns. However. the jurisprudence is rigorous on companies that engage in these patterns and heavy punishments can be imposed on them. Antimonopoly patterns include monetary value repair. corporate amalgamations and creative activity of monopolies ( Reeves. 2010 ) .

Outermost Layer of the Earth essays

Outermost Layer of the Earth essays The crust is the outermost layer of Earth, it covers the entire planet. The crust floats on top of the molten mantle. There are two types of crust, the continental crust and the oceanic crust. The oceanic crust is part of the Earths crust that covers the ocean basins. Its made up of dark-colored rocks made up of basalt. Basalt is a rock that is made up of silicon, oxygen, and magnesium. The density of the oceanic crust is about 3.0 g/cm3. The continental crust has a lower density. The difference in densities allows many normal phenomenons to occur on and below the surface of the Earth. The oceanic crust floats on top of the mantle. The continental crust covers 40% of the Earths surface. It is made up of granite rock. This rock is filled with aluminum, silicon and oxygen. The continental crust is less dense than the oceanic crust. It has a value of 2.6 g/cm3. The continents stay in place due to the difference in densities in magma between the oceanic crust and the continental crust. T he continental crust flows much more freely on the magma. With this said a lot of people wonder how does Hawaii still exist? The answer to that is because the volcanic sea mounts in the Pacific Ocean peek their heads above sea level and continue to grow. Hawaiian islands are still growing because the Hawaiian Islands are volcanic in origin. Each island is made up of at least one volcano. Hawaii is made up of five major volcanoes: Kilauea, Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea, Hualalai and Kohala. Mauna Loa is the largest active volcano on Earth. Kilauea is currently one of the most productive volcanoes on Earth, in terms of how much lava is produced each year. In general, when you move along the island chain from East to West, the volcanoes become older and older. The two volcanoes that make up Oahu have not erupted for over a million years. The way the islands are built on the moving sea floor of the North Pacific Ocean determine th ...

Anorexia Nervosa Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Anorexia Nervosa - Research Paper Example â€Å"The word ‘anorexia’ literally means ‘loss of appetite’† (Watson, 2007, p. 9). With Anorexia Nervosa, the individual usually suffers an extreme amount of distress about becoming overweight, thus reducing their food intake dramatically. This refusal to maintain a healthy body is often mixed with low self-esteem, which in an ordinarily healthy person can be dealt with by power of reasoning, which modifies the way the affected person assesses and thinks about their eating habits and their bodies. Sufferers of Anorexia Nervosa often feel hungry, but avoid eating enough food to sustain themselves properly. On an average, an anorexic individual has about 600 to 800 calories per day, in some cases people also starve themselves. Anorexia nervosa is a severe mental sickness that has a high frequency of comorbidity. It also has the highest mortality rate when compared to any other psychological disorders. People usually tend to develop anorexic symptoms in their early teens. Anorexia is more commonly seen in adolescent girls than boys. However, this does not restrict the fact that women and men of any race, age, cultural and socioeconomic background can be affected by anorexia. Anorexia nervosa occurs in 10 times more females than males. â€Å"Females are more likely than males to have anorexia. In fact, about 90 per cent of people with anorexia are females. Studies estimate that one out every 200 women has anorexia. However, males can also have anorexia. Currently, around 10 per cent of people with anorexia are males† (Graves, 2000, p.14). â€Å"Anorexia nervosa is a mental disorder that results in an avoidance of eating because of a cluster of specific emotional issues. Symptoms of anorexia nervosa may begin to manifest as early as 9 years of age† (Barry & Farmer, 2002, p. 324). Anorexic symptoms or sign can include steady changes in the appearance and behavior of a person, which occurs over a period of years or even months. Change in dieting behaviors, which include counting of calories and fasting, narrowing down the choices of food or changing food inclinations, like the refusal to eat bad or fatty food, declaring to dislike food that was earlier relished, not eating certain food groups like dairy or meat, and rapid, obvious, and dramatic weight loss. Strict and extreme workout patterns, that are carried out even in bad weather or when the individual is injured or ill. â€Å"Most anorexics consider exercise to be their best friend because it is a valuable asset in their pursuit of thinness. For someone who consumes too few calories, though, exercise keeps the body in a continual state of deprivation and actually serves as a method of purging† (Hall & Ostroff, 1999, p. 39). The treatment for anorexia is focused on checking mortality and illness by reestablishing body weight and fixing psychological and dysfunctional thinking and behavior, and treating obsessive thinking and depression, and final avoiding relapse, with the support of a family member or the sufferer’s partner. This treatment involves four main components, bringing and maintaining the person to a weight that is healthy, providing treatment for the various psychological problems related to anorexia, and removing or at least reducing the thoughts and behaviors that end up in disordered eating habits, and avoiding reversion

Psychological Testing and Assessment Paper Essay - 1

Psychological Testing and Assessment Paper - Essay Example Psychological tests are important in the entire field of psychology and human behavior including counseling, family therapy and marriage. In counseling, a counselor may use psychological testing in interviewing clients to understand hidden yet crucial information that can aid in the effective treatment of the given client. Testing can also help a counselor observe behaviors of a client and assist in devising of techniques to absolve imminent challenges or problems faced. In family therapy, therapists can use psychological tests to administer questionnaires to the members of the troubled family. In addition, a therapist can use psychological tests to explore interests and attitudes of each family member usually through direct interaction, and identify dysfunctional elements resulting instability in the family (Cohen, Swerdlik & Sturnam, 2013). Marriage counselors can also make use of psychology tests in executing their functions. Counselors can use the test to determine values of the individual partners by simply observing behaviors of the partners during interaction. With psychological tests, marriage counselors are able to interview couples about the challenges they have realized in the marriage and efforts attempted to stabilize

Famous Kentuckian Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Famous Kentuckian Paper - Essay Example Young Harlan followed the footsteps of his father and entered politics. It was in the age of seventeen that he was offered the position of adjutant general of Kentucky. He opposed this idea by citing his age, however in autumn he was appointed the governor. It was a demanding position for Harlan, but keeping in mind his age he was only paid $250 annually. This contract formed the basis of his political career (John Harlan). After winning the elections, Harlan was working as a country judge before the start of the Civil War. Harlan won the election for the country judge on the Know Nothing ticket, which was a Native party who was enjoying their esteem from the time span between downfall of the Whig Party and the rise of the Republican Party. Despite of the fact that it was a slave state, Harlan was a part of the Union at the time of the War. It was at that time that Harlan joined the American troops as lieutenant Colonel. He left the army in the year 1863 at the time of his fatherâ₠¬â„¢s death. He was assigned the position of Attorney General of Kentucky in the year 1864, and also supported George McClellan’s campaign against Abraham Lincoln in the same year in which the Presidential Elections were being held. In 1876 he led the Kentuckian delegation at a convention after Benjamin Bristow (his law partner) ran to be nominated for the presidential elections. The presidential elections of the year 1876 were same as the year 2000 i.e. they were fiercely contested. As a result of the election of 1876 an electoral commission came into being. Hayes was declared the winner of the elections after which he appointed a commission to figure out that which of the two Louisiana governments was more lawful than the other. Harlan was an active member of one of these two Louisiana governments. The Louisiana commission appointed came with the result that the Democrats formed a more lawful government in Louisiana. The problem with the result of the Commission was that th e board responsible for certifying the electoral victory of Hayes also announced the result of the Louisiana’s contest declaring the Republican as the winners. During his career as a Justice he struggled to remain dedicated in winning the civil rights for the colored population and tried to enforce social equality among the population. He also worked for getting regulation of the giant industry that emerged in that century. Harlan had abiding faith on the judicial system and the Federal Government that they would equally spread the economic opportunities in the country, without any racial discrimination. His characteristic made him stand out from his colleagues and gave him his separate identity. He opposed the drawbacks of the system on several occasions, which exposed him to several passionate and dissenting opinions. He also faced rejections from several legal scholars until the mid of the 20th century when his views gained acceptance and were considered prophetic by the c itizens. Justice David Davis resigned and became the Senator of Illinois at the time of tussle concerning the electoral commission. Hayes wanted a Southerner to be appointed to this position and Harlan perfectly fitted the position. At the age of 44 he was subsequently appointed the Justice to the court. Harlan’s legacy lies in his rebellions. He took opposing side in the Lochner v New York case, where he spent the maximum working hours for the labor class in order to eradicate the institution of slavery from

Men Are Aggressors And Women Are Victims

Men Are Aggressors And Women Are Victims Men are aggressors and women are victims is a very stereotypical view might be held by the majority of society and by some of the first criminologists; however criminology has evolved to try and understand how this stereotype has come to be seen as the norm within crime. They also try exploring whether this stereotype is in fact true or whether there are various differences. To understand the part of this stereotype that women are victims we must first look into the role of a victim. The role of a victim is essential in initiating the criminal justice process as the majority of offences which come to the attention of the police are reported to them by victims of these offences; their two roles within the criminal justice system are that of reporting the crime and providing evidenced that the crime has been committed. This role of the victim is different than in days gone by when the crime was controlled by individual and community self-regulation, as crimes were seen to be a private matter between offender and victim and so it was up to the victim and their family to decide if they went to court or not and would play the role of prosecutor rather than victim. Nils Christie (1986) explained how in the role of victim there is an ideal victim such as an elderly woman or a child, both seen as an ideal victim as they are seen as weak and deserving of help and care, on the other hand young men are seen as not as deserving of help and sympathetically and so are not as likely to be seen as true victims. This shows that the stereotype of only women as victims and men as aggressors is not true as it may just be that men are not seen as much of victims of an offence than a woman might be. There are many social variables which determine a persons likelihood to be a victim, one of which is gender. It has been shown from crime surveys that men are in actual fact more likely to be victims of violent attacks but that women are more likely to be victimised in the home. This shows how men can be victims and not just the aggressors who commit the acts, but it also shows how women can also still be victims and that perhaps different genders are victims of different types of attacks. For example men aged between 17 and 32 make up 7 per cent of the population but 25 per cent of all murder victims (Dorling, 2012) this is a greater percentage than women between these ages that are murdered proving how men can be more likely to be a victim than a women in certain crimes. This is true also by the fact that women are more likely to be the victim of reported and unreported sexual offences and are more likely to experience repeated unwanted attention such as stalking than men. However when it comes to a whole number of crimes it can be difficult to make judgements as to whether men or women are more likely to be victims as there are many forms on gendered crime such as forced prostitution and sex trafficking which are more likely to have female victims. A study conducted by the NSPCC in 2009 on people aged between 13-18 found that a third of girls and only 16% of boys had experienced sexual violence (Barter et al., 2009) This shows how girls are more likely to be a victim of this type of crime; although this statistics may not be entirely accurate because some people especially boys may not want to admit to being raped as it is more humiliating because of their gender. The study also showed how 12% of boys and only 3% of girls reported committing sexual violence against their partners (Barter et al., 2009); so this could be used to show how men are more likely to be aggressors; however these statistics are related to specific crimes and not all reported crimes and so are not proof of the men are aggressors and women are victims stereotype. Men as victims challenges the victim stereotype about who can be a victim, the lack of understanding of potential impacts on men this lack of perceived victimhood can have points to the lack of large-scale surveys on male victimisation, although these surveys may not be answered correctly as men could perceive being known as a victim as a threat to their masculinity. This means men may not answer surveys correctly as they do not want to be seen as a victim or they do not see themselves as a victim such as in cases of domestic abuse as if they were attacked by their female partner they may not see it as a real crime as no actual damage was done to themselves. There has been a sort of gender myopia within criminology in which early criminologists did not look into crimes committed by women, Heidensohn (1968) how this exclusion of women from criminology excluded half of society in understanding deviance and that other aspects of women and their lives are of interest to social sciences and that as gender differences are well reported in crime such as men committing more crime on the whole then women why then where they not well investigated. When criminologists did look into female offending they did not go as in depth with male criminology. Cesare Lombroso was an early positivist criminologist who used physiognomy to explain why some people commit crimes creating and anthropological criminology in which crime was thought to be inherited and that criminals could be identified from their physical features and that all criminals had certain physical features in common such as a small or weak chin and long arms. Lombroso penned a book with Guglielmo Ferrero in 1895, The Female Offender in this they tried to explain female criminals. They stated how when a woman does turn to crime how she is a monster and that her wickedness must have been enormous before it could triumph over so many obstacles. They also held the belief like many of their time that women ranked lower on the evolutionary scale than men, so were more primitive and so they suggested that female criminals would not be as visible as male criminals and would show fewer signs of degeneracy than males. So Lombroso and Ferrero stated how female criminality was down to their biology and a female criminal is an abnormal woman but also as they were like a man often more ferocious (Ferrero and Lombroso, 1895). So although early criminologists were aware of female offenders they put this down to the abnormality of a women being manlier and ferocious therefore it is not just a man who can be an aggressor. Further exploration into any other causes of female criminality bar abnormality and masculine traits were not much looked into until the next century after The Female Offender was published. The absence of qualitative research also meant that women were neglected from criminology, they are also seen and represented as helpmates rather than instigators of serious crime such as Ian Brady and Myra Hindley in the 1960s; he was seen as the instigator and she as a manipulated helper in killing and hiding the murders of several children. Some criminological theories attempted to explain female offending such as the learning theories which explain it by the fact male crime was glamorised in the media and encouraged women to commit crime. Because of this lack of thought into female offenders they were often seen as abnormal to other females as a criminal cannot be neutral when the norm is taken to be male and so women are measured to the degree to which they deviated from this norm and if they did offend and thus would be institutionalised for their own protection. Because of this previous treatment many think this leniency has carried on into the current criminal justice system causing the chivalry debate (Pollak, 1950) where a female offender might not be treated or judged as harshly as a male counterpart by a for instance a male judge who is sentencing her for a crime. This thinking of female offenders being abnormal from the rest of women reinforced the women as victims not as the aggressors stereotype and Pollak (1950) talks about this behaviour from certain women meaning them being seen as devious women. Female criminals are seen as twice as deviant as they have gone against the law and also against their prescr ibed gender role; this double deviance has reinforced the stereotype of women as victims so therefore they have not been twice as deviant even though in committing the same acts a man would only be seen as being deviant by going against the law and that his gender role is played along with as deviance is seen as a more male trait and thus males are seen to be more likely an aggressor than a victim. This silence of female offending in criminology could be explained by social gender inequalities, a low public profile as female crime could be seen as the wrong sort of crime, and it could also be difficult to accommodate gender perspectives in traditional criminological theories, the traditional feminisation of victimhood and masculinisation of aggression. There have been several theories and perspectives as to why women are perhaps committing more crimes such as Simon (1993) womens greater opportunities and skills increased participation in labor force and years of schooling, have increased their propensity to commit criminal acts, especially property and white-collar offenses. Adler (1975) explains how women seem to be becoming more violent and aggressive and that perhaps this is why they are committing more crimes. Because of this lack of research into female offenders, feminist criminology emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, as it could not be doubted that female criminals existed and seem to be on the rise as does female delinquency although this could be due to the media sensationalising female offenders there has been a veritable siege of news stories with essentially the same theme girls are in gangs and their behaviour in these gangs does not fit the stereotypical and traditional stereotype (Chesney-Lind, 1997). There are many different sub-sects of feminist theory each dealt with specific problems such as liberal feminism which deals with discrimination. This rise of research into female criminality lead in turn to more exploration and a deeper understanding of male crime and masculinity within crime and the differences between men and women and offending; showing that masculinity although perceived as a male criminal factor could also be apparent in women and that masculinity is not static and can be effected by context. There is also no clear notion of masculine identity meaning that although aggression is seen as a masculine trait that it can be apparent in both sexes and thus the stereotype that only men can be aggressors is false. Feminist criminologys concern is the marginalisation of women as subject matters in other criminological theories, because of the lack of theorising female offenders and then the lack of empirical investigations into the topic. The feminist critique also includes the lack of research into female victimisation and male violence against women and they argued that the majority of attention on how the criminal justice system affects male offenders and not female offenders. They argued that criminology in general held a rather uncritical attitude towards gender stereotypes, leading to the doubly-deviant debate (Llyod, 1995). Works such as Dobash and Dobashs (1992) Women, Violence and Social Change challenged the mainstream ideas around vicitimology and made the various forms and extent of female victims more visible. Feminist critique explores the gender gap apparent within the criminal justice system which went beyond early criminologists views such as Pollaks (1950) chivalry thesis whic h plays upon the existing stereotypical gender roles and patriarchal values to develop a more sophisticated gender analysis. As masculinity is seen in criminology as a male criminal contributor, the feminist criminology critique has allowed for the revealing of the power that underpins masculinity and its effect on the genders such as how males are obliged to live up to their gender role and so any criminal or deviant behaviour could be linked to them trying to fulfil their male role. The feminist approach shows a new side that builds on gender role theory and so helps criminology to move away from strict biological explanations such as those by Ferrero and Lombroso. So masculinity is viewed as an expression of difference from feminism behaviours but masculinity becomes representative of heterosexual power in this way and is normative and valued. So the feminist critique helps to explore gender template roles. Although the feminist critique shows how deviant acts committed by males are an example of men trying to fulfil their male role, this approach also points to a hierarchy of masculine types. This masc ulinity is not only confined to males but masculinity can change meaning over time and so there is no single masculinity. The feminist understanding of masculinity seeks to move past the simplistic stereotype of men as aggressors and women as victims and instead suggests that male identities are all different and that there is diversity this way in both genders. This leads to a questioning of previous positivist biological approaches such as Ferrero and Lombrosos work and other positivist works which try to use on universal explanation for female crime and the idea of crime is maleness as a beginning point. Feminist theory has allowed for the deconstruction of the stereotypical view of men as aggressors or criminals and women as vulnerable and conforming to a victim role. However the most consistent and dramatic findings from Lombroso not postmodern criminology is not that criminals are working classà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but that most criminals are, and always have been, men (Cain, 1989). So men in general do commit more crimes then women but this does not confirm the stereotype of men are aggressors and women are victims as there is still room for women to be aggressors and men to be victims. Table 1 http://crimlinks.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/population-in-prison-by-gender.png?w=490h=79 This table shows the population in prisons by gender 30 June 2007 (MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, 2012). Each year it shows how there is a vast gap between numbers of women and men, however this may not necessarily mean men commit more crimes than women but that maybe they are more likely to commit more violent crimes and thus end up in prison as it is a harsher sentence and women may just commit as many crimes but of a different sort such as stealing and not go to prison and be sentenced to community service. Graph 1 This graph (Office for National Statistics, 2013) shows the incidents of intimate violence in the last year among adults of both genders aged 16 to 59, in 2011/12. These figures help to prove the stereotype that women are the victims are not always true as more men (2% more) interviewed reported being victims of violence than women. However 2% more women reported themselves as being victims of initiate violence than men. Literature on female violence usually has two central themes. The first is that even women are just as violent as men this is hidden in some sort of conspiracy as women should be seen as passive and men as the violent gender stereotype a small percentage of violent crime has always been committed by women (Pollock and Davis, 2005). This theory has been quashed by many writers such as Pearson (1997) who provides evidence of women who have killed their own children, helped killers and who killed their husbands and many other examples to show how women are violent and she argues they have always been as violent and predatory as men. This disproves the women as victims and not aggressors stereotype. There are also statistics which back up the women as the aggressors and committers of crime and not just men theory women commit the majority of child homicides in the United States (Pollock and Davis, 2005). However Jones (2009) argues that the women crime waves that seem to be apparent actu ally correlates with womens liberation movements and so women may receive different reactions from law enforcement then previous leading to increases of arrests and thus women crime waves. She also argues that the reason the women as victims and men as aggressors stereotype is still prevalent is due to men fearing powerful women, however her description ignores that women are less likely to murder than men; so the stereotype of men being more likely to be aggressors and so commit crime is true, even though women can too be aggressors. Even though women for some reason, they kill, rob, and assault much less often than men (Pollock and Davis, 2005); this makes it difficult for feminist criminology to figure out why women are less likely to be aggressors than men as no clear unanimous reasons seem to exist. The second theme is that more women are becoming violent than ever before and that numbers of violent and criminal acts committed by women are increasing; said to be due to womens liberation movements changing socialisation. This idea is based on percentage increases in women committing and being convicted of crime however as the numbers of women who commit these crimes are so small it wont take many to seem as though there has been a large increase Schaffner (1999) is one writer who discusses a rise in violent crime among young females uses these percentage increases. But she notes that the percentage increases can be influenced by small numbers; she infers that the rise may be due to females witnessing violence in their own home and on the streets but these factors may not be any different to times gone by when women in the 19th century witnessed these same factors yet were less likely to commit crime. Although men are aggressors and women are victims is a rather stereotypical viewpoint it can be the case given that more men commit crimes and are in jail and thus are aggressors and that women are more likely to be a victim of certain crimes such as rape. However feminist criminologists amongst others have shown how women can also be aggressors and commit crimes, although the reasons for this is not as well known or researched as it is for men. It is also clear from crime figures that men are more likely to be victims than women of certain crimes such as murder. So men are more likely to be aggressors overall but women can be aggressors too and men can be more likely to be victims of certain crimes. So the stereotype of men are aggressors and women are victims does hold some merit when taken as a sweeping statement for all crime but there are certain errors in this statement when we look closer into gender and crime.

What is a thesis statement

In regards to a thesis proposal, it is an outline of a research study you do in your thesis or dissertation. To put it simply, a thesis proposal is a road map. It provides a reader with a vision of your future work. Your thesis proposal needs to be carefully planned and properly structured. The better you are at explaining what you are going to research and why the topic you have chosen is relevant, the more rewarding the result will be. Choosing a topic is the hardest part not only in thesis proposal writing, but also in academic writing in general. You should identify the problem you are dealing with in your thesis proposal, as well as state the questions you are going to address in your thesis. You are also supposed to describe all the resources and materials you need in order to conduct a research study for your thesis or dissertation. The successful approval of your thesis proposal means you will be able to continue the work on your thesis. Therefore, the importance of writing a n impressive proposal should not be underestimated. The five most vital points of a well-written thesis proposal include: Outlining; Knowing the structure; Planning the writing process; Writing a thesis proposal; Proofreading a thesis proposal. The first step is to provide a clear and detailed outline. In this part, you are required to present all materials you have already gathered. You need to prove you understand how the process of research works. You also need to demonstrate that you are able to find all relevant sources in regards to the subject you have chosen to research. The next step is structuring your thesis proposal. The common parts of every thesis proposal are as follows: an abstract, an introduction, significant prior research if any, a thesis/project statement, approach, potential outcomes, limitations, and proposed dissertation chapters.

Hyphenated American

Chinese Americans tend to keep their separate identity In the United States, there are multiple hyphenated Americans groups, such as African- American, Asian- American, Irish- American, and Indian- American. People hold American nationality, but have a foreign birth or origins tend to identify themselves in some term of Hyphenated Americans. It means that they are not only Americans, but also involve in different ethnicity, religion, language, and culture. Chinese- Americans comprises the largest ethnic group of Asian Americans.Most of the early Chinese workers immigrated from Guangdong province in China for the Gold Rush (â€Å"Chinese Immigrants and the Gold Rush†, n. d. ). Since 1865, lots of Chinese worker come to the United States and worked on the famous Transcontinental Railroad project. The Chinese also worked as small merchants, gardener, laundry workers, farmers, and so on. More and more Chinese Americans immigrated with their children from mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan(â€Å"Chinese Historycal Society of Southern California†, 2010).The Chinese Americans try to keep their Chinese culture, language, and community, and they tend to retain the separate identity. Chinese Americans tend to live together in their own culture community. According to the 2010 census, the Chinese American population was around 3. 8 million, and half of them lived either in  California  or  New York (â€Å"Race Reporting for the Asian Population by Selected Categories: 2010†, 2010 ). The Chinatown in San Francisco was the oldest and largest Chinese community in the United States.People can find Chinese culture elements everywhere in the Chinatown, for example, herbal shops, temples, dragon parades, Chinese book store, Chinese restaurant, Chinese language school, and even Chinese hospital. People living in the Chinatown communicate in Chinese language, and live exactly the same life style as people in China. Chinese Americans in New York also have such community in the Flushing area, know as Chinatown. There are Chinese transportation companies; travel agencies, and Chinese language school also. Almost every child in Chinese American family has attended Chinese language school after their regular school time.Their parents want them to keep ancestor’s culture, so they will always remember that they are rooted in China. There is a Columbus Chinese Christian Church in Columbus Ohio. Every Sunday, thousands of Chinese American Christians living in Columbus get together and model in the bible through teaching, music, and worship. After the teaching, people share a big dinner of Chinese food. Most of them speak Chinese, and only the new generations who were born in America prefer to speak English. Many of the old immigrated Chinese American even cannot speak English at all.Even though the kids speak English with each other, they can still speak frequently in Chinese with their parents. Chinese Americans stay in th eir own community to retain their culture, language, and customs. Chinese Americans are pride of their ethnic and culture. Music and dance are the common language among all human being. Chinese Americans hold Shen Yun performances all around the United States to spread Chinese art and music. Every year, students can see posts about Shen Yun performance on the wall around the OSU campus. The video Shen Yun 2013 Trailer on the Shen Yun website also shows some significant parts of the performance.Dancers wearing different styles of Chinese traditional ancient clothes performed the Chinese cultures of different dynasty and different ethics. The music play by Chinese traditional instruments was as good as the dancing. As it said in the video, the aim of the performance is to revive 5000 years of divine civilization. It shows Chinese Americans’ strong sense of pride of Chinese culture. Many of the new generation of Chinese American, which is also known as American born Chinese (ABC ), had a hard time to define themselves identity.A short story named â€Å"The Paper Menagerie† written by Ken Liu won the 2012 Hugo Awards. This short, bittersweet story describe Ken suffered a pain of having a Chinese born mom who was different with every else’s mom, also, whose accent and broken sentences embarrassed him (Ken, 2012). His mom taught him Chinese, cooked Chinese food, and made him Chinese tradition paper animals as toys. She liked to see the Chinese parts in her son. However, he hated his chink face and all the other Chinese parts from his mother. He refused to talk to her in Chinese even though she can barely speak English.After reading her lasting letter inside the paper animals after his mother’s death, Ken finally understand his mother’s life and know how much she loved him (Ken, 2012). There is an America born Chinese girl Amy Tan who define herself a completely American, and she wants nothing to do with China. However, she actually struggled a lot about which country she truly belongs to. Then she had a trip back to China with her mother. Tan said that once she touched Chinese soil, she better understood her connection to the land and to the country.She finally understood how she belongs to two cultures at the same, which make her accept her hyphenated identity, and view herself as a Chinese American. She said â€Å"I discovered how American I was. I also discover how Chinese I was. I discovered a sense of finally belonging to a period of history, which I never felt with American history†. She realized that â€Å"Once you were born Chinese, you cannot help but feel and think Chinese† (Lemontree, n. d. ). Ken and Amy all tried to refuse everything about China, and they want nothing to do with Chinese.Finally, somehow, they find the way to connect their Chinese heritage and American nationality, and they accept themselves as who they are. American born Chinese new generation all suffered from an un expected pain of trying to belong. They have Chinese faces; they were mostly raised up in Chinese community and eat Chinese food; they have Chinese friends and their family members speak Chinese at home. They don’t know which nation and culture they truly belong to. Sometime they feel embarrassed about having such a different family, and try to integrate into the American society.Their parents hope they can hold the hyphenated identity, because they are pride of Chinese ethnic and culture. Young generations always refuse to do so, but the Chinese heritages do exist in their body, and will have influences on their life. They need to honor their ancestor’s culture and accept combination of being Chinese and American. Reference Chinese Historycal Society of Southern California. (2010). Retrieved on Nov. 21, 2012, from http://www. chssc. org/history/histtimeline. html Chinese Immigrants and the Gold Rush (n. d. ). Retrieved on Nov. 21. 2012, from http://www. pbs. rg/wgbh/a mex/goldrush/peopleevents/p_chinese. html Ken,L. (2011). The Paper Menagerie. Fantasy & Science Fiction. Retrieved on Nov. 21, 2012, from http://a1018. g. akamai. net/f/1018/19022/1d/randomhouse1. download. akamai. com/19022/pdf/Paper_Menagerie. pdf Lemontree. (n. d. ). Hyphenated Identity: A Long Research Journey, Retrieved on Nov, 21, 2012, from http://ayjw. org/articles. php? id=696640 Race Reporting for the Asian Population by Selected Categories: 2010. (2010). U. S. Census Bureau, Retrieved on Nov. 21, 2012, from http://factfinder2. census. gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview. xhtml

Literature review on entrepreneurial finance The WritePass Journal

Literature review on entrepreneurial finance Introduction Literature review on entrepreneurial finance IntroductionResearch ProposalBackgroundBank FinanceFinancing PreferencesStudy Aims and ObjectivesResearch StatementResearch QuestionsRelated Introduction Research Proposal Although it appears to be contentious whether availability of finance impacts on entrepreneurial entry to markets (Kim et al., 2006, p. 5), it is likely to be a critical factor in determining the early success or failure of any new start-up venture. What is more, it has also been implicated as an important factor in determining the ongoing success of the business (Marlow Patton, 2005, p. 717; Capelleras et al., 2008, p. 688). The literature would also appear to indicate that the balance between the availability to and uptake by entrepreneurs of different forms of finance may have wider effects on the national economy (Deidda Fattouh, 2008, p. 6). Therefore it may be important to gain a better understanding of the level of availability of different forms of finance to start-up ventures, along with different factors affecting their uptake by entrepreneurs. Background This section of the proposal provides a brief overview of the literature on the different financing options available to start-up ventures, focusing on bank finance and venture capital. Bank Finance There is a lack of recent research available as to trends in funding of entrepreneurs in The Netherlands. Understanding of such trends in other countries, where extensive research has taken place in the field of entrepreneurial finance, could result in the understanding as well as the applicability of general findings to The Netherlands and any other country. Evidence confirms that banks continued to provide a major source of finance for SMEs in the 1990s (Hughes, 1997, p. 151) although it would be expected that the recent financial crisis could have impacted this (Udell, 2011, p. 103). While relaxing financial constraints may allow greater access to bank financing for entrepreneurs, it may also encourage excessive entry to the market and may also undermine bank-monitoring incentives according to Arping et al. (2010, p. 26). Evidence from developing nations such as South Africa suggest that access to formal bank financing is likely to be a determinant of start-up rates in any given region (Naude et al., 2008, p. 111). There was however, little consideration in this paper as to whether availability of venture capital had any moderating effect on this relationship, and other sources suggest that this may be less important than availability of human capital (Kim et al., 2006, p. 5). There may not only be issues associated with availability of bank finance, but also access to it. There is some suggestion within the literature that women may be somewhat disadvantaged in securing bank finance when compared to their male counterparts (Marlow Patton, 2005, p. 717; Carter et al., 2007, p. 427). Other authors have disputed this, although it is possible that these differences could be accounted for by different geographical foci (Sabarwal et al., 2009, p. 1). There is also some suggestion that differences may exist between ethnic groups in access to bank finance (Smallbone et al., 2003, p. 291) while other personal characteristics of entrepreneurs could also create barriers (Irwin Scott, 2010, p. 245). The relationship between banks and entrepreneurs could be key to enabling access. Research from Italy suggests that there could be trust issues between young entrepreneurial firms and bank managers. This may be particularly true where there is perceived to be heavy monitoring, and may lead to lower levels of demand for bank financing (Howorth Moro, 2006, p. 495). There is some evidence that the ownership of the bank itself may influence the relationships it forms with businesses of all types, including start-ups. In particular, the evidence suggests that firms are more likely to maintain exclusive relationships with state-owned banks, which may indicate greater levels of trust than compared to foreign or privately owned banks (Berger et al., 2008, p. 37). The literature identifies some strategies that may be effective in helping to overcome these barriers. For example in emerging economies, networking has been implicated as an important strategy in helping small to medium enterprises (SMEs) secure bank financing. This more specifically relates to networking with customers and government officials (Le Nguyen, 2009, p. 867). There is some suggestion that firms in developed countries are more likely to incorporate in order to access formal bank financing (Acs et al., 2008, p. 10). Financing Preferences It has been speculated that young businesses may require more than just monetary input, but also require access to expertise. This argument has been proposed predominantly in the context of technology firms, who may lack experience in research and development. Such businesses may benefit from expertise provided by venture capital firms who possess expertise and skills in this area (Keuschnigg Nielsen, 2005, p. 222). It would however be suggested that this may extend into some other sectors on the basis of research by Kim et al. (2006, p. 5) which found that availability of human capital was instrumental in determining entrepreneurial entry to markets. Quantitative surveys conducted amongst start-up firms has suggested that various characteristics of those ventures may determine the structure and types of finance which are utilized, including size, assets, growth orientation and owner characteristics (Cassar, 2004, p. 261). When selecting venture capital, businesses must consider contracts carefully, as these will have a significant impact on how the firm is able to exit at a later stage (Cumming, 2008, p. 1947). de Bettignies and Brander (2007, p. 808) argue that venture capital may be preferred to bank finance when venture capital productivity is high and entrepreneurial productivity is low. Winton and Yerramilli (2008, p. 51) suggest that there may be different criteria for determining preference, based on preference for risky or safe continuation practices and relative costs associated with finance options. For example, they suggest that if venture capital companies lower their cost of capital, this may entice some entrepreneurs to switch from safe continuation strategies utilizing bank finance, to riskier strategies utilizing venture capital. Study Aims and Objectives It would appear that many of the studies discussed in the previous section have much to contribute to a better understanding of how entrepreneurs select between bank and venture capital financing. However, most have focused on only limited aspects of the issue. A literature review that aims to take a wider perspective may therefore be useful in providing a better understanding of what may be a relatively complex decision-making process. In particular, most of the evidence available has examined the availability and access to bank financing, with much less information available on comparison to venture capital availability and access. Yet contrasting the benefits and limitations of the two may be important in enabling entrepreneurs to make an informed decision when structuring their start-up finance arrangements. Research Statement The research aims to conduct a review of the literature that will enable comparison of benefits and limitations of bank finance and venture capital. Research Questions The following research questions will be addressed by the review:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Are there differences in the availability of and access to bank financing and venture capital to businesses?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Does the availability and access to different types of finance impact choices made by entrepreneurs?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Are there common barriers to bank finance and venture capital or are some barriers specific to one option? When successfully answered, the findings from the previous questions should give answer to the following question by means of a recommendation: Are there any strategies that may enable entrepreneurs to overcome these barriers? References Acs, Z.J., Desai, S. Klapper, L.F. (2008) What does ‘Entrepreneurship’ data really show? A comparison of the global entrepreneurship monitor and world bank group datasets. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4667. Accessed 13 May 2011, from: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1233043.   Arping, S., Loranth, G. Morrison, A.D. (2010). Public initiatives to support entrepreneurs: Credit guarantees versus co-funding. Journal of Financial Stability, 6(1): 26-35. Berger, A.N., Klapper, L.F., Peria, M.S.M. Zaidi, R. (2008). Bank ownership type and banking relationships. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 17(1): 37-62. Capelleras, J.-L., Mole, K.F., Greene, F.J. Storey, D.J. (2008). Do more heavily regulated economies have poorer performing new ventures? Evidence from Britain and Spain. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(4): 688-704.   Carter, S., Shaw, E., Lam, W. Wilson, F. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurship, and bank lending: The criteria and processes used by bank loan officers in assessing applications. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(3): 427-444. Cassar, G. (2004). The financing of business start ups. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(2): 261-283.   Cumming, D. (2008). Contracts and exits in venture capital finance. The Review of Financial Studies, 21(5): 1947-1982.   de Bettignies, J.-E. Brander, J.A. (2007). Financing entrepreneurship: Bank finance versus venture capital. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(6): 808-832. Deidda, L. Fattouh, B. (2008). Banks, financial markets and growth. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 17(1): 6-36. Howorth, C. Moro, A. (2006). Trust within entrepreneur bank relationships: Insights from Italy. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30(4): 495-517. Hughes, A. (1997). Finance for SMEs: A UK perspective. Business and Economics, 9(2): 151-168. Irwin, D. Scott, J.M. (2010). Barriers faced by SMEs in raising bank finance. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research, 16(3): 245-259. Keuschnigg, C. Nielsen, S.B. (2005) ‘Public policy for start-up entrepreneurship with venture capital and bank finance’. In V. Kanniainen C. Keuschnigg (Eds.) Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Public Policy. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 221-250.   Kim, P.H., Aldrich, H.E. Keister, L.A. (2006). Access (not) denied: The impact of financial, human, and cultural capital on entrepreneurial entry in the United States. Small Business Economics, 27(1): 5-22. Le, N.T.B. Nguyen, T.V. (2009). The impact of networking on bank financing: The case of small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4): 867-887.   Marlow, S. Patton, D. (2005). All credit to men? Entrepreneurship, finance, and gender. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(6): 717-735.   Naude, W., Gries, T., Wood, E. Meintijies, A. (2008) Regional determinants of entrepreneurial start-ups in a developing country. Entrepreneurship Regional Development, 20(2): 111-124.   Sabarwal, S., Terrell, K. Bardasi, E. (2009). How do Female Entrepreneurs Perform? Evidence from Three Developing Regions. World Bank. Accessed 15 May 2011, from: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTGENDER/Resources/336003-1240628924155/Sabarwal_Terrell_Bardasi_Entrep_All_CWE.pdf. Smallbone, D., Ram, M., Deakins, D. Aldock, R.B. (2003). Access to finance by ethnic minority businesses in the UK. International Small Business Journal, 21(3): 291-314. Udell, G.F. (2011). SME financing and the financial crisis: A framework and some issues. In G. Calcagnini I. Favaretto (Eds.) The Economics of Small Businesses: An International Perspective. London: Springer Heidelberg, pp. 103-113.   Winton, A. Yerramilli, V. (2008). Entrepreneurial finance: Banks versus venture capital. Journal of Financial Economics, 88(1): 51-79.

Destiny in Romeo and Juliet essays

Destiny in Romeo and Juliet essays Some people may not believe that fate is something that truthfully exists in the world. Others, however, believe that every event is predestined and laid out before them like a roadmap to life; in other words, fate. William Shakespeare's play, Romeo and Juliet portrays fate as an exceptionally crucial force. Fate seemed to control their lives and force them together, becoming a great influence on their love, and the ending of their parent's hatred. A large part of the beliefs for both Romeo and Juliet involve fate. They believe in the stars, and that their actions arent always their own. Romeo, for example, says, "Some consequence yet hanging in the stars...by some vile forfeit of untimely death/But he that hath the steerage over my course Direct my sail" (1.iv.115-120). He's saying to his friends that he had a dream which leads him to believe that he will die young because of something in the stars, something that will happen. The words "...he that hath steerage over my course..." implies that he does not have control over his life if he looks to another power above himself to direct him. He does not feel that he is the one who makes decisions; it is all a higher purpose, a different power. He refers to the power of fate. Fate sets up their love from the beginning. It is not merely a coincidence that Romeo and Juliet meet An illiterate servant of the Capulet's comes across Romeo and Benvolio in the first act, unaware that they are Montagues, and informs them about the Capulet party: "My master is the great rich Capulet, and, if you be not of the house of Montagues, I pray come and crush a cup of wine" (1,ii,86-88). What were the chances of the servant to run into the Capulets most loathed enemy? It is by fate that Romeo and Benvolio discover the party. This sets everything up for the two lovers. They meet at the party, instantly falling in love. They realize later their identity, but they are in love and won't let...

Secualrization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Secualrization - Essay Example Whereas secularization believes that no religion would be given privilege by a particular society in any respect (D’Costa, 2005). Secularization does not only mean cultural shifts but it also means development of science as perfectly described by Max Weber that secularization is â€Å"the disenchantment of the world† meaning that it eradicates superstition and replaces it with logic and science (Artigas, 2001). As the time goes by the meaning of secularism in respect of detaching oneself from religion started increasing, especially in the west. The new generation now is least bothered about religious norms and more bothered about the materialistic things in this world. If it is analyzed that which area in the west is getting the most affected it would certainly be the United Kingdom. UK at a point in history was very strict with religion and the church regulations, people who defied it saw death penalties as a punishment (Parsons, 1989). But nowadays religion has gone i n the backdrop of people living in the UK. The main reason of this research is the prevalence of secularism as the concept is making its way into the daily life of the citizens of UK and religion have taken a back seat in their lives. Hypothesis By the introduction, it is clear that the main reason of the dissertation is to verify the trend of following religion in The United Kingdom. Mathematically it could be said that: Ho: Religion is declining in the United Kingdom. Ha: Religious practices are accelerating in the United Kingdom Literature Reviewed Mostly for this dissertation, census of the United Kingdom would be used and primary data would be taken for consideration, processed and then an analysis of the key trends would be presented in this dissertation. The census which would be used in analyzing the dissertation would be dated from year 1850 up to year 2004. The entire census between this timescale would be in view for analyzing the thesis. The censuses which were available to be analyzed were the reports of 1881, 1911 and 2001 which had the relevant data. Methodology It is important in a dissertation that methodology of the research is concrete and clear to the reader so that the analysis which is presented to the reader is to the point and accurate. This dissertation is mainly about checking the reduction or increment ratio in the followers of the religions present in the United Kingdom. Mainly data from the census of 1881 and data of census 2001 would be used in comparison to see that if the followers of the religion in UK have declined or inclined. Also some data from the census of 1911 could be retrieved for use in this research. For this mostly interactive graphical presentation of tables and graphs would be helpful to understand the nature of the advancement or turnover. The quantitative data from these censuses would identify the upheavals from the year 1850 to 1911 till 2001 and tell that how much the human point of view about religion has ch anged and if now having a religion matters or not. As only the available data is of the year 1881, 1911 and 2001 census the limitation is that , there would be huge gap between the statistics of population and changes in the religious and secular sides . This would limit our research to just few census and information about religion given in it. But it does not mean that it would not give us the significant factors that we are looking for,

Business- Service Operations Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business- Service Operations Evaluation - Essay Example There exists no fast and hard rule concerning this, though sometimes there is a penalty to pay for possessing the newest mobile cell phone on the market. Free line rental contracts The severe competition between cell phone networks explains that they have to give substantial incentives for one to enter a long-term contract. The majority of the chief mobile networks give free line rental deals (Lancaster, 2007.p.19). Inexpensive mobile phone invoices Mobile contracts generally offer more viable deals on texts and calls than the Pay As You Go deals (Cohen, 2008.p.461). Despite the fact that one will pay for any texts and calls over those incorporated in their contract, most citizens find that no matter the network they are using, they still get an inexpensive mobile phone transaction by turning on to a mobile phone deal from a Pay As You Go phone (Mennen, 2005.p.78). Extras and gifts The majority of mobile networks give a range of gifts and extras when a person enters into a mobile tel ephone contract with them. For instance, one may get a free headset or free accessories set. The new trend has seen many exhilarating gifts, thrown in with deals. Of late, one may discover that he is able to receive gifts such as Xbox 360s, iPod Nanos, and play station. A few even give a free laptop. 2. Development of evaluation criteria Average miniature Usage One should keep in mind that it is normally easier to rise in minutes than downward once they enter into the contract. Many people utilize less time, and they should begin as low as they think they can go. However, they should not underestimate their usage as they may get themselves paying astronomical overage fees. One should monitor his usage cautiously and change his plan accordingly. Data handling considerations Smartphone are ever more fashionable, and while it may be probable to depend only on Wi-Fi, the majority of users will yearn to have a wireless strategy for mobile Internet availability on the go. Most of the cell phone providers need a wireless information plan to qualify for the Smartphone (Yuan, 2005.p.17). The usual utilization is not more than 750MB every month, though several users can go well over that in every month, mainly with heavier media use like a video or streaming music. Family and friends options It is ordinary for main cell phone companies to offer free phone-to-phone minutes to clients on the same network. One will need less all time minutes if more of their contacts are also utilizing similar carrier. Likewise, if one has many people in the family who will be making use of cell phones, the most inexpensive alternative would be to put everybody on the same mobile phone plan (Levene, 2007.p. 34). Commonly, one will have lesser activation fees, and they will typically compensate less in every month for extra phones on a similar plan. Making a knowledgeable Decision For one to be certain that he is making the best alternative for the situation, the most crucial thing one can do is to assess the precise needs in terms of texting, minutes, long distance data and other required features (Parker & Crew, 2008. P.35). It is necessary to compare plans on a minute basis or megabyte in the situation of data. One should consider the features and bonuses that companies incorporate with the given plan, such as, worldwide messages, mobile-to-mobile, among others. This will permit one to determine the finest

Construction Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Construction Law - Essay Example The ECS contract is parallel to ECC in detail and complications of contractual demands; however, the names of the parties to the contract and timescales for completion are changed to meet the deadlines under the ECC contract (GMH Planning, 2012). Clause 11.2(17) lays down the criteria for a subcontractor. Firstly, someone involved in construction or installation of part of the work which indicates that a contractor can’t sublet an entire project to another individual or organization. Secondly, it can be someone who provides a service necessary to provide the works, this shows that services of others can be utilized and no limitation is placed on only subletting a part of the project. The third category describes individuals and organizations that would not be considered as sub-contractors. They enter into a contract regarding the provision of plant and material which they partly or completely designed for a specific project. The imperative point to remember is that the burden of responsibility of the contactor towards the employer is not shifted to a subcontractor (Eggleston, 2006). ... NEC3 provides that the construction or installation of part of the work can be sublet to a sub-contractor and offers two options. The first option if NEC3 Engineering and Construction Subcontract (ECS) with slight changes in the timescales and names of the parties involved in the project. Clause 62.3 makes changes in the time period for submission of and response to quotations and clause 51 makes change in the time period of payment. The payment period in Secondary Option Y (UK) 2 of ECS is similar to ECC type of the similar secondary option ensuing in same payment time limits. Main contractors can amend these periods by using the provisions of Subcontract Data Part One (Patterson, 2007). The second option under NEC3 is the Engineering and Construction Short Subcontract (ECSS) used for projects which don’t involve complex management techniques, consist of uncomplicated work and entail low risks. It prohibits delegating design responsibility to the subcontractor, simplifies wor k by adhering to Works information but it doesn’t simplify processes concerning compensation events. It is obligatory for the subcontractor to report compensation events within seven days of becoming knowledgeable of such an event and will have similar liabilities as a Contractor does under the ECC in case of failure to give notification. However, ECSS does not include deemed acceptance procedure for not replying unlike ECS. Therefore, we can conclude that the burden of compensation event procedures lies with the Subcontractor under ECSS. In this instance, the subcontractor did not adhere to the precise requirements provided in the Works Information concerning installation of a complimentary

Describing and Pursuing Essay Example for Free

Describing and Pursuing Essay Based on these two articles, we can say that according to Wheatley a leader should be fearless in face of challenges; a leader should lead change and be willing to take the first step to help and influence a situation. She also believes that leadership is not about being at an important position. According to her, anyone can be a leader simply by refusing to take things lying down and by standing up to do something about a problem and try and change the situation. In comparison to Wheatley, Paul Thornton, in â€Å"Leadership- Seeing, Describing and Pursuing what’s Possible†, believes that a leader should be able to accurately analyze the current situation and then see into future to envision the possibilities. A leader can envision the future by taking specific steps such as studying the best, asking questions, traveling and learning from the businesses of different countries and other such methods. Once a leader has discovered these possibilities he must describe these to other people in a way that catches their attention. And then deliver it in a passionate, energetic and animated manner. Finally, a leader pursues his dream in order to make it come true. In other words, a leader must work hard in order to become a successful leader. Thus while Wheatley believes that leadership starts at the very basic level and anybody can be leader simply by taking small steps towards bringing about a change, Thornton believes that leaders bring change through meticulous planning which starts with envisioning the future. Thornton’s second article, â€Å"Management Styles, Directing Discussing and Delegating†, discusses three management styles: Directing, Discussing and Delegating. In the directing style the manager tells a group of employees what to do, how to do and when to have it completed. In this management style, the manager does everything, letting the employs only follow the directions and is suitable when employees lack experience. In the discussing style of management, the manager asks questions before telling the employee what to do. The discussing style of management is about learning from the employees before assigning them a job. In the delegating style of management, managers discuss the problem with the employee, than tell them what to do, but let the employee decide how he completes the job. Thornton discusses these three management styles in details, explaining what to do and what to avoid in each of the three styles. When we compare this article with the other three articles, we find that this article covers a completely different topic than the rest. While the other articles talk about leadership, this article is about management styles. The article talks about the relationship between a manager and an employee. However, a manager need not necessarily be a leader and the article does not talk about leadership. If we compare the writing style of Wheatley and Thornton, we find that Thornton has a more formal writing style. He uses bullet points to express himself and summarizes in the end. Thornton’s articles have the look and feel of a lecture note. Also, the articles get directly to the point, talking about the issue at hand without getting into background stories. Wheatley, on the other hand has an informal writing style. Her articles are written for the layman and are full of stories to illustrate her point. Purely from a writing style point if view, Thornton’s articles are more engaging. However, the point she is trying to make has a tendency to get lost in all the stories she writes. This problem is avoided by Thornton, as he talks about the issue clearly and concisely and summarizes it all in the end to ensure that reader gets the point. Both Wheatley and Thornton have thorough knowledge of their subjects. However, Wheatley speaks from a practical viewpoint while Thornton is more theoretical. As far as their advice on leadership is concerned, once again Wheatley advocates a more informal style, stressing the fact that every individual can be a leader. Thornton, however, seems to feel that leadership should be learnt and he gives detailed commentary on how to be a better leader. There are many definitions of leadership. For Wheatley, it is about taking small steps to make a difference. For Thornton, it is about planning the entire process of change carefully. Both the definitions have seen the test of time and have thrown up successful leaders. But while Wheatley suggests these leadership styles, Thornton takes the pain to explain what leadership is and how to be a successful leader.